Editing Final Report/Thesis 2015 (section)

===N-Gram Model Explanation===
The ''n-gram model'' is a sequence of n items from a given sequence of phonemes,
syllables, letters, words or base pairs. The n-grams typically are collected from
articles or books. If the elements are words, n-grams may also be called shingles
<ref> A. Z Broder et al., “Syntactic clustering of the web”. Computer Networks and
ISDN Systems 29 (8), pp.1157–1166. </ref>.

Size n=1 of the ''n-gram model'' is called a "unigram", size 2=2 of the ''n-gram model'' is called a "bigram", size n=23 of the ''n-gram mode''l is called a "trigram", and so on.

An ''n-gram model'' is a type of probabilistic language model for predicting the next item. In a word, the item n is only related to item (n-1) regardless of any other items in the sequence <ref> No Author. Video Lectures [online]. Available: https://class.coursera.org/nlp/lecture/17 </ref>.  The group will use an n-gram database to find common groups of words for a variety of
''initialisms''.

In Figure 7 shown below, we use one line from the Somerton Man code as a sample sequence to produce the ''n-gram model''.
[[File: Technical_Background_N-gram.png |thumb|600px|centre|'''Fig. 7:''' ''N-gram model'' applied to first line of Somerton Man code]]