Difference between revisions of "Miniature underwater drone"

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== Supervisors ==
 
== Supervisors ==
 
*[[Derek Abbott|Prof Derek Abbott]]
 
*[[Derek Abbott|Prof Derek Abbott]]
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*[[Ben Cazzolato|Prof Ben Cazzolato]]
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*[[Benjamin S. Cazzolato|Prof Ben Cazzolato]]
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==Honours students==
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*'''2023:''' [[Nazif Sobri]] and [[Alif Ayman]] and [[Yang Li]], see [[Miniature underwater drone 2023]]
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==Project guidelines==
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==Research Project Team Members==
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*'''2023:''' [[Nazif Sobri]] and [[Alif Aiman]] and [[Yang Li]], see [[Miniature underwater drone 2023]]
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==Project Guidelines==
 
*[http://www.eleceng.adelaide.edu.au/personal/dabbott/project_handbook_2009.pdf Project Handbook]
 
*[http://www.eleceng.adelaide.edu.au/personal/dabbott/project_handbook_2009.pdf Project Handbook]
  
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==Project description==
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==Motivation==
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In this project you will attempt to solve a suspected murder that took place in Adelaide in 1948. This crime remains unsolved till today, but you can use engineering to bring our knowledge closer to the possible killer. You can read the details about the dead body and the circumstances [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taman_Shud_Case]
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Our project inspired by the "Lego-powered Submarine" project from the Brick Experiment Channel. The core motivation of our project is to advance the capabilities of underwater exploration. We acknowledge the immense potential of underwater drones in scientific research, environmental monitoring, industrial applications, and education. Our project is driven by the need for cost-effective and versatile alternatives to traditional underwater exploration methods. We believe there is vast, untapped potential in underwater ecosystems, resources, and geological formations that current limitations and risks associated with human intervention prevent us from fully exploring.
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Associated with the dead body was this secret code:
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:MRGOABABD
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:MTBIMPANETP
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:MLIABOAIAQC
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:ITTMTSAMSTGAB
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(See the original photograph, as there may be an extra line, and some of the M's may be W's. Some people also think that the last "I" is really a "V". Also the last G is probably really a C). To this day code crackers have been unable to decrypt it.
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==Useful notes==
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As useful bits of information come to light, just list them here:
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*It was the Edward Fitzgerald loose translation's (plus his own additions and recombination of poems) of the Rubaiyat that was found on the body. Call number is 891.5 O5.B in the BSL.
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*The grave site is at West Tce Cemetery: grave site number 106 on row 12 of an area of the cemetery called "Plan 3." To find it, the easiest way is to go to a road called "Road 5 East" and then walk about 40 paces along row 12.
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*The ABC TV documentary show called ''Inside Story'' screened an episode of "The Somerton Beach Mystery" at 8pm, Thursday, August 24th, 1978 (Sydney time). Need to watch a DVD of it.
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==Approach and methodology==
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==Project Description and Background==
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You have an advantage that as engineers you know more about information theory and statistics than the average policeman or code breaking expert. You will take a structured approach to writing software code to use a process of elimination to say whether particular coding schemes were used or not.
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Start with the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playfair_cipher Playfair cipher] and the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vigen%C3%A8re_cipher Vigenère cipher] to begin with and you should find that you can easily test the above sequence of letters to prove the Vigenère cipher was definitely not used. Then you can go onto exploring [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Classical_ciphers other encryption schemes]
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A miniature underwater drone is a small remote-controlled device designed to operate underwater. These drones typically measure a few inches to a few feet in length, and they are equipped with sensors, and other tools to perform various tasks underwater. It may also have buoyancy control mechanisms to adjust its depth and maneuverability in the water. Miniature underwater drones can be used for a variety of purposes, including scientific research, underwater inspections, search and rescue operations, and recreational activities. Some miniature underwater drones are also designed to be compact and portable, making them ideal for travel and use in remote locations. They can be controlled by a remote controller, a smartphone app, or a computer, and some models can even be programmed to follow pre-defined routes or perform specific tasks autonomously.
  
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:'''Note''' from Matthew: If you include the extra line, I'm not so sure you can prove it's not the Vigenère cipher. Also, given the date of the murder, and the dates of invention of some ciphers, there are some you could reasonably rule out (e.g. I doubt it's RSA for historical and technical reasons), however you can still implement them and try them out :). If you dig into some of the historical documents on the case you may find [http://xkcd.com/538/ clues to possible decryption keys].
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==Weekly Progress==
  
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We would also like you to perform simple statistical tests to show if English was the most likely language or not in the original message. Also you should be able to prove if the code is the beginning letter of a sequence of words or is composed of whole words.
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Progress made by team members until the completion of the project. This weekly progress is updated every week.
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A list of letter frequency rankings for different languages can be found [http://www.bckelk.ukfsn.org/words/etaoin.html here].
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Then if you have time and if you are excited to take this project to a higher level you can start to check out the work of the great electrical engineer Claude Shannon and apply his techniques from information theory. You can measure the information content in the message in terms of bits for starters.
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* [[Weekly Progress: Miniature Underwater Drone]]
  
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==Possible extension==  
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==Deliverables==
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If you knock off this project too easily and are looking for a harder code cracking problem to try your software out on, you can progress to analyzing another famous unsolved mystery: the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voynich_manuscript Voynich Manuscript]
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* [https://www.eleceng.adelaide.edu.au/personal/dabbott/wiki/images/e/e4/Project_Plan_Miniature_Underwater_Drone_.pdf Project Plan]
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* [https://www.eleceng.adelaide.edu.au/personal/dabbott/wiki/index.php/File:A_Miniature_Underwater_Drone.pdf Seminar Slide]
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* [https://www.eleceng.adelaide.edu.au/personal/dabbott/wiki/index.php/File:Progress_Report_UG-13492.pdf Progress Report]
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* [https://www.eleceng.adelaide.edu.au/personal/dabbott/wiki/images/9/9f/Final_Report.pdf Final Report]
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* [https://www.eleceng.adelaide.edu.au/personal/dabbott/wiki/images/8/80/Poster_MiniatureUnderwaterDrone.pdf Poster Miniature Underwater Drone]
  
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== Expectations ==  
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== Expectations ==
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* We don't really expect you to find the killer, though that would be cool if you do and you'll become very famous overnight.
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* To get good marks we expect you to show a logical approach to decisively eliminating which coding schemes were definitely not used.  
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*To develop a reliable and efficient prototype using 3D printing technology for construction. Advantages include rapid prototyping, customization, and cost-efficiency.
  
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* In your conclusion, you need to come up with a short list of likely possibilities and a list of things you can definitely eliminate that the code is not.
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*To assemble underwater drone with mechanical and electronic application, to fit all electronic components into the designed the 3D model structure that free from leakage.
  
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* We expect you to critically look at the conclusions of the previous project groups and highlight to what extent your conclusions agree and where you disagree.
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*To develop and integrate an RF control system based on Raspberry Pi Model 3 A+ for wireless communication between the operator and the drone.
  
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* We expect all the written work to be place on this wiki. No paper reports are to be handed up.  Just hand up a CD with your complete project directory at the end. One CD for each group member.
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*To implement a depth control mechanism, potentially using adjustable ballast or variable buoyancy systems, and integrate depth sensors for autonomous depth management.
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*To incorporate a high-resolution camera system for clear underwater footage, with a live video feed for environmental monitoring and observation.
  
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* It is expected that you fill out a short progress report on the wiki each week, every Friday evening, to briefly state what you did that week and what the goals are for the following week.
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== Approach ==
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# Hardware Configuration:
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#*Raspberry Pi 3 A+: The computational core of the drone, handling sensory input and movement control.
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#*Propulsion System: Dual DC motors controlled by the DRV8833 motor driver for propulsion and steering.
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#*Buoyancy and Depth Control: Servo motor integrated into the ballast tank system for buoyancy adjustments.
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#*Sensory Systems: TF Mini LiDAR for obstacle detection and Honeywell pressure sensor for depth monitoring.
  
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* It is important to regularly see your main supervisors. Don't let more than 2 week go by without them seeing your face briefly.
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# Software Architecture:
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#*Python-based Control System: Translates user commands into motor control and sensory readings.
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#*LiDAR-based Obstacle Detection: Adjusts drone trajectory to avoid obstacles detected by TF Mini LiDAR.
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#*Depth Maintenance Algorithm: Ensures the drone maintains the desired depth using feedback from the pressure sensor.
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#*Streaming and Communication: Offers real-time video streaming and remote monitoring of the drone's surroundings.
  
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* You should be making at least one formal progress meeting with supervisors per month. It does not strictly have to be exactly a month, but roughly each month you should be in a position to show some progress and have some problems and difficulties to discuss.
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== Future Recommendation ==
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* Enhanced Propulsion: Consider upgrading to brushless motors for increased efficiency and maneuverability.
  
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* The onus is on you to drive the meetings, make the appointments and set them up.
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* Improved Communication: Integrate acoustic modems for extended communication range, particularly in challenging underwater conditions
  
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* You are expected to make a YouTube presentation of your whole project.
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*Advanced Sensory Integration: Add sensors for temperature, salinity, and pH measurement to enhance the drone's research capabilities.
  
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== Relationship to possible career path==
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*Structural Enhancements: Explore materials like carbon fiber or specialized polymers to enhance durability and reduce weight for greater depth capability
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Whilst the project is fascinating as you'll learn about a specific cold case—and we do want you to have a lot of fun with it—the project does have a hard-core serious engineering side. It will familiarize you with techniques in information theory, probability, statistics, encryption, decryption, and datamining. It will also improve your software skills. The project will also involve writing software code that trawls for patterns on the world wide web (exploiting it as a huge database). This will force you to learn about search engines and databases; and the new tools you develop may lead to new IP in the area of datamining and also make you rich/famous. The types of jobs out there where these skills are useful are in computer security, comms, or in digital forensics. The types of industries that will need you are: the software industry, e-finance industry, e-security, IT industry, Google, telecoms industry, [http://www.asio.gov.au/ ASIO], [http://www.asis.gov.au/ ASIS], defence industry (e.g. [http://www.dsd.gov.au/ DSD]), etc. So go ahead and have fun with this, but keep your eye on the bigger engineering picture and try to build up an appreciation of why these techniques are useful to our industry. Now go find that killer...this message will self-destruct in five seconds :-)
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==See also==
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*Enhanced User Interface: Create a more intuitive user interface, potentially with VR integration, for an immersive piloting experience.
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* [[Timeline of the Taman Shud Case]]
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* [[List of people connected to the Taman Shud Case]]
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* [[List of facts on the Taman Shud Case that are often misreported]]
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* [[List of facts we do know about the Somerton Man]]
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* [[The Taman Shud Case Coronial Inquest]]
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* [[Letter frequency plots]]
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* [[Structural Features of the Code]]
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* [[Markov models]]
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* [[Primary source material on the Taman Shud Case]]
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* [[Secondary source material on the Taman Shud Case]]
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* [[Transition probabilities from selected texts]]
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* [[Listed poems from The Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam]]
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* [[Using the Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam as a one-time pad]]
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* [[Using the King James Bible as a one-time pad]]
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* [[Using the Revised Standard Edition Bible as a one-time pad]]
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* [[Transitions within words]]
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== References and useful resources==
 
== References and useful resources==
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If you find any useful external links, list them here:
+
Any useful external links, list here:
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* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taman_Shud_Case The taman shud case]
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* [https://brickexperimentchannel.wordpress.com/2022/06/25/rc-submarine-4-0-background-1-10/  RC Submarine 4.0 – background]
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* [http://www.library.cornell.edu/colldev/mideast/okhym.htm Edward Fitzgerald's translation of رباعیات عمر خیام by عمر خیام]
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* [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/225186919_Underwater_Wireless_Sensor_Communications_in_the_24_GHz_ISM_Frequency_Band Underwater Wireless Sensor Communications in the 2.4 GHz ISM Frequency Band]
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* [http://ebooks.adelaide.edu.au/ Adelaide Uni Library e-book collection]
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* [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/343708536_Investigation_of_Parameters_Affecting_Underwater_Communication_Channel  Investigation of Parameters Affecting Underwater Communication Channel]
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* [http://www.gutenberg.org/wiki/Main_Page Project Gutenburg e-books]
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* [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/258496191_Electromagnetic_Wave_Propagation_into_Fresh_Water  Electromagnetic Wave Propagation into Fresh Water]
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* [http://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/archives.html#foreign Foreign language e-books]
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* [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/340700148_Analysis_of_Underwater_Acoustic_Communication_System_Using_Equalization_Technique_for_ISI_Reduction  Analysis of Underwater Acoustic Communication System Using Equalization Technique for ISI Reduction]
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* [http://www.ohchr.org/EN/UDHR/Pages/Introduction.aspx UN Declaration of Human Rights - different languages]
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* [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025322714000747 Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs): Their past, present and future contributions to the advancement of marine geoscience]
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* [http://www.eleceng.adelaide.edu.au/personal/dabbott/tamanshud/SSC_mckay1999.pdf Statistical debunking of the 'Bible code']
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* [https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/8/10/736 Wireless Remote Control for Underwater Vehicles]
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* [http://www.austlii.edu.au/cgi-bin/sinodisp/au/journals/UNSWLJ/2004/23.html#Heading26 Spys in Australia 1948]
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* [https://www.fortinet.com/resources/cyberglossary/tcp-ip What is Transmission Control Protocol TCP/IP?]
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* [http://www.eleceng.adelaide.edu.au/personal/dabbott/tamanshud/fitzgerald_editions.pdf The differences between the 5 FitzGerald editions]
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* [https://datasheets.raspberrypi.com/rpi3/raspberry-pi-3-a-plus-product-brief.pdf datasheets raspberrypi ]
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* [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=Pi80__UBKmEC&pg ASIO Unofficial History by Frank Cain]
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* [https://sps.honeywell.com/au/en/products/advanced-sensing-technologies/healthcare-sensing/board-mount-pressure-sensors/trustability-hsc-series  TruStability™ HSC Series]
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* [http://math.ucsd.edu/~crypto/Projects/KyleCai/spiesandcrypto.htm Operation Venona]
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* [https://cdn.sparkfun.com/assets/5/e/4/7/b/benewake-tfmini-datasheet.pdf  TFmini Infrared Module Specification]
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* [http://www.nsa.gov/applications/search/index.cfm?q=venona Venona documents]
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* [https://www.ti.com/lit/ds/symlink/drv8833.pdf?ts=1699016634046&ref_url=https%253A%252F%252Fwww.google.com%252F  Dual-H-BridgeCurrent-ControlMotorDriver ]
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* [https://www.cia.gov/library/center-for-the-study-of-intelligence/csi-publications/books-and-monographs/venona-soviet-espionage-and-the-american-response-1939-1957/preface.htm Venona code]
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* [https://www.adafruit.com/product/1385  UBEC DC/DC Step-Down (Buck) Converter - 5V @ 3A output]
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* [http://permanent.access.gpo.gov/lps33230/www.nsa.gov/docs/venona/monographs/monograph-1.html Venona history]
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* [https://datasheets.raspberrypi.com/camera/camera-module-3-product-brief.pdf Raspberry Pi Camera Module 3 ]
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* [http://naa12.naa.gov.au/scripts/imagine.asp?B=30091097&I=1&SE=1 Jacqueline Templeton, ''Royal Commission on Intelligence and Security Seventh Report - Australian Intelligence/Security Services 1900-1950,'' '''Volume 2''', 1977]
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* [https://www.engineersedge.com/materials/densities_of_metals_and_elements_table_13976.htm densities_of_metals_and_elements_table]
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* [http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2005/01/29/1106850156146.html The Kaiser affair]
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* [http://enc.slider.com/Enc/OneTimePads One time pads]
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* [http://www.fbi.gov/hq/lab/fsc/backissu/jan2000/olson.htm Analysis of criminal codes and ciphers]
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* [http://www.fbi.gov/hq/lab/fsc/backissu/april2006/research/2006_04_research01.htm Code breaking in law enforcement: A 400-year history]
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* [http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1389095.1389425 Evolutionary algorithm for decryption of monoalphabetic homophonic substitution ciphers encoded as constraint satisfaction problems]
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==Back==
 
==Back==

Latest revision as of 17:51, 19 May 2024

Supervisors

Research Project Team Members

Project Guidelines

Motivation

Our project inspired by the "Lego-powered Submarine" project from the Brick Experiment Channel. The core motivation of our project is to advance the capabilities of underwater exploration. We acknowledge the immense potential of underwater drones in scientific research, environmental monitoring, industrial applications, and education. Our project is driven by the need for cost-effective and versatile alternatives to traditional underwater exploration methods. We believe there is vast, untapped potential in underwater ecosystems, resources, and geological formations that current limitations and risks associated with human intervention prevent us from fully exploring.

Project Description and Background

A miniature underwater drone is a small remote-controlled device designed to operate underwater. These drones typically measure a few inches to a few feet in length, and they are equipped with sensors, and other tools to perform various tasks underwater. It may also have buoyancy control mechanisms to adjust its depth and maneuverability in the water. Miniature underwater drones can be used for a variety of purposes, including scientific research, underwater inspections, search and rescue operations, and recreational activities. Some miniature underwater drones are also designed to be compact and portable, making them ideal for travel and use in remote locations. They can be controlled by a remote controller, a smartphone app, or a computer, and some models can even be programmed to follow pre-defined routes or perform specific tasks autonomously.

Weekly Progress

Progress made by team members until the completion of the project. This weekly progress is updated every week.

Deliverables

Expectations

  • To develop a reliable and efficient prototype using 3D printing technology for construction. Advantages include rapid prototyping, customization, and cost-efficiency.
  • To assemble underwater drone with mechanical and electronic application, to fit all electronic components into the designed the 3D model structure that free from leakage.
  • To develop and integrate an RF control system based on Raspberry Pi Model 3 A+ for wireless communication between the operator and the drone.
  • To implement a depth control mechanism, potentially using adjustable ballast or variable buoyancy systems, and integrate depth sensors for autonomous depth management.
  • To incorporate a high-resolution camera system for clear underwater footage, with a live video feed for environmental monitoring and observation.

Approach

  1. Hardware Configuration:
    • Raspberry Pi 3 A+: The computational core of the drone, handling sensory input and movement control.
    • Propulsion System: Dual DC motors controlled by the DRV8833 motor driver for propulsion and steering.
    • Buoyancy and Depth Control: Servo motor integrated into the ballast tank system for buoyancy adjustments.
    • Sensory Systems: TF Mini LiDAR for obstacle detection and Honeywell pressure sensor for depth monitoring.
  1. Software Architecture:
    • Python-based Control System: Translates user commands into motor control and sensory readings.
    • LiDAR-based Obstacle Detection: Adjusts drone trajectory to avoid obstacles detected by TF Mini LiDAR.
    • Depth Maintenance Algorithm: Ensures the drone maintains the desired depth using feedback from the pressure sensor.
    • Streaming and Communication: Offers real-time video streaming and remote monitoring of the drone's surroundings.

Future Recommendation

  • Enhanced Propulsion: Consider upgrading to brushless motors for increased efficiency and maneuverability.
  • Improved Communication: Integrate acoustic modems for extended communication range, particularly in challenging underwater conditions
  • Advanced Sensory Integration: Add sensors for temperature, salinity, and pH measurement to enhance the drone's research capabilities.
  • Structural Enhancements: Explore materials like carbon fiber or specialized polymers to enhance durability and reduce weight for greater depth capability
  • Enhanced User Interface: Create a more intuitive user interface, potentially with VR integration, for an immersive piloting experience.

References and useful resources

Any useful external links, list here:

Back

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